Engines that may need to operate at near-hypersonic speeds could theoretically have much higher performance if a heat exchanger is used to cool the incoming air. The low temperature allows lighter materials to be used and combustors run at their maximum speeds (ordinarily, fuel flow must be reduced to prevent the turbines from melting, but doing so greatly reduces thrust)
This leads to plausible designs like SABRE, that might permit single-stage-to-orbit, and ATREX, that might permit jet engines to be used as boosters for space vehicles.
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Come lets know more about jet engines
JET ENGINE
How does a jet engine work?
A jet engine uses a gas turbine to drive a fan that sucks in air, mixes it with burning fuel, and then blasts the expanded air-gas mixture out the back.
Because every action has an equal and opposite reaction, as the air streams backward the engine is forced forward.
turbine
Safety and reliability
Jet engines are usually very reliable and have a very good safety record. However failures do sometimes occur.The most likely failure is compressor blade failure, and modern jet engines are designed with structures that can catch these blades and keep them contained them within the engine casing. Verification of a jet engine design involves testing that this system works correctly.
model jet engine
combustion chamber
diagrams
In order to understand how an engine works..
we first need to understand the process of combustion. Combustion is defined as the burning, or oxidation, of matter to produce energy. Two substances are necessary for combustion to occur--a fuel and an oxidizer. A fuel can be anything from the wood, coal, or natural gas used to produce heat in a furnace to gasoline or hydrogen used in an internal combustion engine. An oxidizer, as its name implies, is a substance that contains oxygen.
The purpose of both the jet engine and the rocket engine is to combust a mixture of fuel and oxidizer. This combustion process generates a high-pressure exhaust that creates thrust to push a vehicle forward. The fundamental difference between the two types of engines, however, is where the oxidizer comes from.
A jet engine obtains its oxidizer from the external atmosphere, as illustrated in the diagram below. Air enters the engine through an inlet and is then slowed down and compressed by a series of compressor blades. The compressed air is then mixed with fuel, typically a petroleum-based liquid similar to kerosene, and burned. The high-pressure gas is exhausted through a nozzle to generate thrust.
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